A Comissão de Constituição e Justiça (CCJ) da Câmara dos Deputados pode votar nesta terça-feira, dia 10, o projeto de lei que concede anistia aos envolvidos nos atos contra o resultado da eleição presidencial de outubro de 2022. A CCJ ainda pautou para o mesmo dia quatro projetos de lei que limitam a ação do Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF).
Os atos de que trata o projeto de anistia são os que promoveram o bloqueio de estradas e acampamentos em frente aos quartéis que terminaram com o 8 de janeiro de 2023, quando apoiadores do ex-presidente Jair Bolsonaro invadiram as sedes dos Três Poderes, em Brasília, pedindo a adoção de um golpe militar no Brasil.
Segundo o artigo 1º do projeto de lei, “ficam anistiados manifestantes, caminhoneiros, empresários e todos os que tenham participado de manifestações nas rodovias nacionais, em frente a unidades militares ou em qualquer lugar do território nacional do dia 30 de outubro de 2022 ao dia de entrada em vigor desta Lei”.
A votação ocorre três dias após ato na avenida Paulista, em São Paulo, pedir a anistia aos envolvidos nos atos contra a eleição e também o impeachment do ministro Alexandre de Moraes, do STF, que conduz as investigações contra a suposta tentativa de golpe de Estado depois da eleição de 2022.
A anistia proposta abarca também o financiamento, organização ou apoio de qualquer natureza aos atos golpistas, incluindo comentários ou publicações nas redes sociais. A anistia também atinge as restrições impostas pela Justiça Eleitoral ou Comum em decorrência de processos ou inquéritos “de qualquer forma relacionados ao descrito no Art. 1º”.
Justificativa
O autor do projeto, o deputado major Vitor Hugo (PL/GO), ex-líder do governo Bolsonaro na Câmara, justifica que os atos que pediam um golpe militar no país foram legítimos e conduzidos por cidadãos inconformados como se deu o processo eleitoral de 2022.
“A busca de uma solução pacificadora para as controvérsias decorrentes desse processo nos impele a apresentar esse projeto de lei que visa construir pontes de maneira que possamos enfrentar os desafios da fase que virá com serenidade e desassombro”, justificou o parlamentar.
O deputado federal e membro da CCJ, Orlando Silva (PCdoB/SP), afirmou à Agência Brasil que essa proposta é uma provocação e que os partidos contrários farão a obstrução da matéria. “Sua aprovação seria a demonstração de que o crime compensa, demonstraria desprezo da Câmara dos Deputados com a democracia”, comentou.
No Brasil, é crime tentar depor – por meio da violência ou de grave ameaça – o governo legitimamente constituído ou impedir e restringir o exercício dos poderes constitucionais, conforme define a Lei 14.197/2021. Essa legislação também considera crime incitar, publicamente, a animosidade entre as Forças Armadas e os demais poderes constitucionais. As penas variam e podem chegar a 12 anos de cadeia.
Projetos contra o STF
Após a sessão marcada para analisar a anistia aos envolvidos no 8 de janeiro, a CCJ da Câmara terá outra sessão para votar quatro projetos de lei que limitam a ação do Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF).
As propostas facilitam o impeachment dos ministros do Supremo Tribunal Federal; limitam as decisões monocráticas do Supremo; permitem ao parlamento suspender decisões da Corte; e incluem a “usurpação de competência do Poder Legislativo ou do Poder Executivo no rol dos crimes de responsabilidade dos ministros do STF”.
Os críticos afirmam que esses projetos foram colocados na pauta em resposta à ação do STF que suspendeu o pagamento de emendas parlamentares. A ação do Supremo foi motivada para dar mais transparência, eficiência e rastreabilidade aos recursos públicos manipulados por deputados e senadores. Já os parlamentares favoráveis argumentam que os projetos são necessários para evitar que o Supremo invada as competências do Legislativo.
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